Energy and Civilization: A History by Vaclav Smil analyses human history through the lens of energy flows. Smil argues that access to energy and improvements in its efficient use have been central drivers of economic and social development. The book shows how agriculture and food production, industrialisation, transport, and urbanisation, as well as the resulting economic growth and living standards, are closely linked to the development of increasingly powerful energy sources.

The fascinating narrative is complemented by a large amount of quantitative evidence and engineering detail. It is a compelling source of insight for discussions on resilience, sustainability, and the material foundations of modern civilisation.